[SQL Server] CREATE TABLE

※ 구문 규칙 참고

규칙	설명
기울임꼴	사용자가 제공하는 매개 변수
굵게	각종 이름및 텍스트를 그대로 정확히 입력
| (세로줄)	구문 항목을 구분하며, 항목 중 하나만 사용 가능 (선택사항)
{} (중괄호)	필수 구문이며, 중괄호는 입력하지 않음
[]	생략이 가능한 구문
[ , ...n]	앞의 항목이 n번 반복 가능하며, 각 항목은 쉼표로 구분
[ ... n]	앞의 항목이 n번 반복 가능하며, 각 항목은 공백으로 구분
;	SQL문 종결자로, 대부분 생략하지만 이후 버전에서는 필요
<label> ::==	구문 블록의 이름

---

CREATE TABLE ( Simple )

CREATE TABLE
    { database_name.schema_name.table_name | schema_name.table_name | table_name }
    ( { <column_definition> } [ ,...n ] )
[ ; ]

---

CREATE TABLE ( Full )

-- Disk-Based CREATE TABLE Syntax
CREATE TABLE
    { database_name.schema_name.table_name | schema_name.table_name | table_name }
    [ AS FileTable ]
    ( {   <column_definition>
        | <computed_column_definition>
        | <column_set_definition>
        | [ <table_constraint> ] [ ,... n ]
        | [ <table_index> ] }
          [ ,...n ]
          [ PERIOD FOR SYSTEM_TIME ( system_start_time_column_name
             , system_end_time_column_name ) ]
      )
    [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( partition_column_name )
           | filegroup
           | "default" } ]
    [ TEXTIMAGE_ON { filegroup | "default" } ]
    [ FILESTREAM_ON { partition_scheme_name
           | filegroup
           | "default" } ]
    [ WITH ( <table_option> [ ,...n ] ) ]
[ ; ]
  
<column_definition> ::=
column_name <data_type>
    [ FILESTREAM ]
    [ COLLATE collation_name ]
    [ SPARSE ]
    [ MASKED WITH ( FUNCTION = 'mask_function') ]
    [ [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] DEFAULT constant_expression ]
    [ IDENTITY [ ( seed , increment ) ]
    [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ]
    [ GENERATED ALWAYS AS { ROW | TRANSACTION_ID | SEQUENCE_NUMBER } { START | END } [ HIDDEN ] ]
    [ NULL | NOT NULL ]
    [ ROWGUIDCOL ]
    [ ENCRYPTED WITH
        ( COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_KEY = key_name ,
          ENCRYPTION_TYPE = { DETERMINISTIC | RANDOMIZED } ,
          ALGORITHM = 'AEAD_AES_256_CBC_HMAC_SHA_256'
        ) ]
    [ <column_constraint> [, ...n ] ]
    [ <column_index> ]
  
<data_type> ::=
[ type_schema_name. ] type_name
    [ ( precision [ , scale ] | max |
        [ { CONTENT | DOCUMENT } ] xml_schema_collection ) ]
  
<column_constraint> ::=
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{ 
   { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE }
        [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ]
        [
            WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor
          | WITH ( <index_option> [ , ...n ] )
        ]
        [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( partition_column_name )
            | filegroup | "default" } ]
  
  | [ FOREIGN KEY ]
        REFERENCES [ schema_name. ] referenced_table_name [ ( ref_column ) ]
        [ ON DELETE { NO ACTION | CASCADE | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT } ]
        [ ON UPDATE { NO ACTION | CASCADE | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT } ]
        [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ]
  
  | CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ( logical_expression )
}
  
<column_index> ::=
 INDEX index_name [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ]
    [ WITH ( <index_option> [ ,... n ] ) ]
    [ ON { partition_scheme_name (column_name )
         | filegroup_name
         | default
         }
    ]
    [ FILESTREAM_ON { filestream_filegroup_name | partition_scheme_name | "NULL" } ]
  
<computed_column_definition> ::=
column_name AS computed_column_expression
[ PERSISTED [ NOT NULL ] ]
[
    [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
    { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE }
        [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ]
        [
            WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor
          | WITH ( <index_option> [ , ...n ] )
        ]
        [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( partition_column_name )
        | filegroup | "default" } ]
  
    | [ FOREIGN KEY ]
        REFERENCES referenced_table_name [ ( ref_column ) ]
        [ ON DELETE { NO ACTION | CASCADE } ]
        [ ON UPDATE { NO ACTION } ]
        [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ]
  
    | CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ( logical_expression )
]
  
<column_set_definition> ::=
column_set_name XML COLUMN_SET FOR ALL_SPARSE_COLUMNS
  
< table_constraint > ::=
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{
    { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE }
        [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ]
        (column [ ASC | DESC ] [ ,...n ] )
        [
            WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor
           | WITH ( <index_option> [ , ...n ] )
        ]
        [ ON { partition_scheme_name (partition_column_name)
            | filegroup | "default" } ]
    | FOREIGN KEY
        ( column [ ,...n ] )
        REFERENCES referenced_table_name [ ( ref_column [ ,...n ] ) ]
        [ ON DELETE { NO ACTION | CASCADE | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT } ]
        [ ON UPDATE { NO ACTION | CASCADE | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT } ]
        [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ]
    | CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ( logical_expression )

< table_index > ::=
{  
    {  
      INDEX index_name  [ UNIQUE ] [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ]
         (column_name [ ASC | DESC ] [ ,... n ] )
    | INDEX index_name CLUSTERED COLUMNSTORE
    | INDEX index_name [ NONCLUSTERED ] COLUMNSTORE ( column_name [ ,... n ] )
    }
    [ WITH ( <index_option> [ ,... n ] ) ]
    [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( column_name )
         | filegroup_name
         | default
         }
    ]
    [ FILESTREAM_ON { filestream_filegroup_name | partition_scheme_name | "NULL" } ]
  
}

<table_option> ::=
{  
    [ DATA_COMPRESSION = { NONE | ROW | PAGE }
      [ ON PARTITIONS ( { <partition_number_expression> | <range> }
      [ , ...n ] ) ] ]
    [ FILETABLE_DIRECTORY = <directory_name> ]
    [ FILETABLE_COLLATE_FILENAME = { <collation_name> | database_default } ]
    [ FILETABLE_PRIMARY_KEY_CONSTRAINT_NAME = <constraint_name> ]
    [ FILETABLE_STREAMID_UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = <constraint_name> ]
    [ FILETABLE_FULLPATH_UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = <constraint_name> ]
    [ SYSTEM_VERSIONING = ON 
        [ ( HISTORY_TABLE = schema_name.history_table_name
          [ , DATA_CONSISTENCY_CHECK = { ON | OFF } ] 
    ) ] 
    ]
    [ REMOTE_DATA_ARCHIVE =
      {
        ON [ ( <table_stretch_options> [,...n] ) ]
        | OFF ( MIGRATION_STATE = PAUSED )
      }
    ]   
    [ DATA_DELETION = ON  
          { ( 
             FILTER_COLUMN = column_name,   
             RETENTION_PERIOD = { INFINITE | number { DAY | DAYS | WEEK | WEEKS 
                              | MONTH | MONTHS | YEAR | YEARS }
        ) }  
    ]
    [ LEDGER = ON [ ( <ledger_option> [,...n ] ) ] 
    | OFF 
    ]
}

<ledger_option>::= 
{
    [ LEDGER_VIEW = schema_name.ledger_view_name  [ ( <ledger_view_option> [,...n ] ) ]
    [ APPEND_ONLY = ON | OFF ]
}

<ledger_view_option>::= 
{
    [ TRANSACTION_ID_COLUMN_NAME = transaction_id_column_name ]
    [ SEQUENCE_NUMBER_COLUMN_NAME = sequence_number_column_name ]
    [ OPERATION_TYPE_COLUMN_NAME = operation_type_id column_name ]
    [ OPERATION_TYPE_DESC_COLUMN_NAME = operation_type_desc_column_name ]
}
  
<table_stretch_options> ::=
{  
    [ FILTER_PREDICATE = { NULL | table_predicate_function } , ]
      MIGRATION_STATE = { OUTBOUND | INBOUND | PAUSED }
 }   
  
<index_option> ::=
{
    PAD_INDEX = { ON | OFF }
  | FILLFACTOR = fillfactor
  | IGNORE_DUP_KEY = { ON | OFF }
  | STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = { ON | OFF }
  | STATISTICS_INCREMENTAL = { ON | OFF }
  | ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = { ON | OFF }
  | ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = { ON | OFF }
  | OPTIMIZE_FOR_SEQUENTIAL_KEY = { ON | OFF }
  | COMPRESSION_DELAY= { 0 | delay [ Minutes ] }
  | DATA_COMPRESSION = { NONE | ROW | PAGE | COLUMNSTORE | COLUMNSTORE_ARCHIVE }
       [ ON PARTITIONS ( { partition_number_expression | <range> }
       [ , ...n ] ) ]
}

<range> ::=
<partition_number_expression> TO <partition_number_expression>

---

CREATE TABLE ( 메모리 최적화 )

-- Memory optimized CREATE TABLE Syntax
CREATE TABLE
    { database_name.schema_name.table_name | schema_name.table_name | table_name }
    ( { <column_definition>
    | [ <table_constraint> ] [ ,... n ]
    | [ <table_index> ]
      [ ,... n ] }
      [ PERIOD FOR SYSTEM_TIME ( system_start_time_column_name
        , system_end_time_column_name ) ]
)
    [ WITH ( <table_option> [ ,... n ] ) ]
 [ ; ]

<column_definition> ::=
column_name <data_type>
    [ COLLATE collation_name ]
    [ GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW { START | END } [ HIDDEN ] ]
    [ NULL | NOT NULL ]
[
    [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] DEFAULT memory_optimized_constant_expression ]
    | [ IDENTITY [ ( 1, 1 ) ]
]
    [ <column_constraint> ]
    [ <column_index> ]
  
<data_type> ::=
 [type_schema_name. ] type_name [ (precision [ , scale ]) ]

<column_constraint> ::=
 [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{
  { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE }
      { NONCLUSTERED
        | NONCLUSTERED HASH WITH ( BUCKET_COUNT = bucket_count )
      }
  | [ FOREIGN KEY ]
        REFERENCES [ schema_name. ] referenced_table_name [ ( ref_column ) ]
  | CHECK ( logical_expression )
}
  
< table_constraint > ::=
 [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{
   { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE }
     {
       NONCLUSTERED (column [ ASC | DESC ] [ ,... n ])
       | NONCLUSTERED HASH (column [ ,... n ] ) WITH ( BUCKET_COUNT = bucket_count )
                    }
    | FOREIGN KEY
        ( column [ ,...n ] )
        REFERENCES referenced_table_name [ ( ref_column [ ,...n ] ) ]
    | CHECK ( logical_expression )
}

<column_index> ::=
  INDEX index_name
{ [ NONCLUSTERED ] | [ NONCLUSTERED ] HASH WITH ( BUCKET_COUNT = bucket_count ) }

<table_index> ::=
  INDEX index_name
{   [ NONCLUSTERED ] HASH ( column [ ,... n ] ) WITH ( BUCKET_COUNT = bucket_count )
  | [ NONCLUSTERED ] ( column [ ASC | DESC ] [ ,... n ] )
      [ ON filegroup_name | default ]
  | CLUSTERED COLUMNSTORE [ WITH ( COMPRESSION_DELAY = { 0 | delay [ Minutes ] } ) ]
      [ ON filegroup_name | default ]
  
}
  
<table_option> ::=
{  
    MEMORY_OPTIMIZED = ON
  | DURABILITY = { SCHEMA_ONLY | SCHEMA_AND_DATA }
  | SYSTEM_VERSIONING = ON [ ( HISTORY_TABLE = schema_name.history_table_name
        [, DATA_CONSISTENCY_CHECK = { ON | OFF } ] ) ]
  
}

 

* 각 인수에 대한 상세한 설명은 아래 URL을 참조.

참조 URL : https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15